Abstract:

The transition to renewable energy is the process of replacing fossil fuels with energy from natural sources. This is crucial for the fight against climate change and for energy security, which is reflected in the EU's ambitious goals, such as achieving a 42.5% share of RES by 2030. This crossing includes changes in road transport.

The article presents the concept of using electric vehicles in Poland as mobile energy storage systems supporting the power system based on renewable energy sources. The V2G, V2H and V2B mechanisms that enable a bidirectional flow of energy between the vehicle and the grid are discussed, emphasizing their importance for stabilizing the operation of the system with the increasing share of photovoltaics and wind energy. The storage potential resulting from the number of current and anticipated electric vehicles in Poland was analyzed and benefits such as reduction of grid congestion, increased self-consumption of energy from RES, as well as the possibility of reducing the cost of EV use were indicated. The recipients of the considerations are both the demand and supply sides, for which the energy transition of road transport may become an element of government policies and regulations.