Abstract:

Assuming that in agriculture, the crop management optimization is achieved by improving some links or by introducing some new technological links leading to the production increase, to its economic value increase, in this study, we analyzed several variants which correspond highly to the sought aims, namely, the optimization of the vegetal products technology as a condition for the profit increase. In this study made in an agricultural company, the conditions for optimization are formulated as a system of econometric equations whose parameters are estimated by standard econometric methods. The econometric modelling of the agricultural production has as objectives: to obtain a bigger production with a certain amount of expenditure; to obtain a certain volume of products with a minimum amount of expenditure; to obtain maximum profit. In developing the mathematical model, according to its structure, we used the technical and economic coefficients matrix, setting rotation restrictions, technical and economic restrictions, then interpreting the results in the first and dual solution. Among these methods were used: the method of production functions and linear programming method, the technologies applied in an agricultural company. Technological variants were elaborated contained in a linear programming model, which offered solutions to crop structure and optimal variant of each crop separately. Initially, the analysis was focused on the optimization of crop structure, while combining some crop-specific technologies that ensure an increase of production and hence farm income and profit. Thus, based on the technologies used on analyzed farm, in Calarași county, from Romania, technological variants were developed for the crops practiced: autumn wheat, autumn barley, maize, sunflower and autumn rapeseed. In developing the technological variants, we started from technologies, as average for the period 2008-2012 for the analyzed crops that the analyzed company practices.