Abstract:

pSoil is the physical environment in which underground drainage operates. It is a natural heterogeneous, multiphase and disperse body whose complex properties and characteristics must be known in detail in order to decipher the complicated mechanisms of excess water movement towards the drainage systems. Draining excess water can improve the saline fluid regime of soil in the sense required by crop and natural resources protection of soil and groundwater. Soil is a porous medium with physical features that are variable in time and space which influences certain features of the water flow through its mass. Sometimes these features prevent the formulation of mathematical laws describing these processes, requiring approximations of the physical process in order to formulate it mathematically. For this reason, the approach to water movement through saturated soil to the drainage systems requires the simplification of the actual physical processes and the way they can be expressed through contemporary specialist knowledge. Description of water transfer through the saturated soil requires a dynamic behavior law expressing the permanent existence of a univocal relationship between speed and acceleration, together with the continuity law that describes the process quantitatively. The original approaches to problems of leakage through the soil to the drainage systems in order to determine the technical elements of the planning that is presented in this paper are based on a concept of modern physics focused on the experience accumulated in the theory and practice of drainage. Thus, the water flow through the saturated soil to the drainage system is a case of plane-parallel motion of the fluid particles moving in transverse planes that are perpendicular to the drain axis. The analytical solutions applied in solving this problem are applicable only under certain conditions imposed by the geometry of the field that studies the filtration movement or values that can be imposed by flow rate or hydraulic conductivity. Numerical solutions have the advantage that approximation can be as fine as desired, which determined precision results. The numerical method is applied by using the following methodology (the complex boundary integral equations method).