Abstract:

The environment of present-day organisations is characterised by rapid changes. With ageing and shrinking human resources, it is hard to overestimate the role of demographic conditions. There are a range of processes at play, such as fertility rate below replacement level, population ageing and migration. In this context, human resources represent one of the most important factors of the endogenous growth of a given region as well as one of key factors in taking investment decisions in enterprise value creation. In such conditions, organisations need to be able to acquire, develop and use knowledge that is necessary for fast and flexible adaptation to their dynamically changing environment. The aim of the paper is to present the role of human capital in creation of entrepreneurship and to diagnose the level of population of enterprises in the Visegrád Group countries since their accession to the EU. The reason for selecting this aim is the fact that the demand for data relating to business demography and information on changes in population age structure has significantly increased in recent years, especially in the context of economic and employment growth strategies developed across the EU. In addition to that, in order to supplement the analyses, the paper presents a conceptual method for demographic management as a tool designed to reduce the effects and costs of the shortage of employees from various age groups. It is worth emphasising that this concept has not been documented extensively in international literature. Application in this paper a case study was to a large extent determined by availability of data and the fact that the Visegrád Group countries started the process of system transformation around the same time and joined the European Union in 2004.