Abstract:

Human acceptance and rejection of artificial intelligence in the United States and Japan have never been higher than it now is in the second decade of the 21^st century that to the present day, there are no global newswire services in the two countries that do not report daily on some sort or aspect of artificial intelligence. In the last two decades of the 20^th century, to Western reporters, artificial intelligence was merely a crushing disappointment. with much of the debate around its emotional and capacity to be aware like humans Some others even argued that even though computers with human-like intelligence are possible, the technology was being dangerously oversold.In Japan, the government was merely caught in budget adjustments to incorporate more research for artificial intelligence that could be more sensitive to the feelings and needs of their users Forty years after, artificial intelligence still garners both support and criticism. Recent polls by internet services provider Tencent Holdings and the state-run China Central Television found that 77.8% of respondents see AI pervading the economy in East Asia. Nearly a third already feel that AI is threatening their jobs. However, YouGov polls indicate that one in five young brits can imagine being friends with a robot. Less than 10% think most robots have already developed higher levels of intelligence than humans, while nearly half believe that robots will develop higher levels of intelligence than humans in the future. Forty years is a short time in man's history. Yet, few historians will question the significance of the changes in the United States and Japan between 1980 and 2020. Comparatively little, however, has been documented in a systematic attempt to define the dimensions of this social change. The paper attempts not only to describe the evolution of artificial intelligence in these two societies over the last forty years but to understand American and Japanese culture in the emerging and present stages of artificial intelligence – (1980 -1999) and (2000 – 2020), respectively. Were there changes in the habits of thoughts and patterns of rhetoric within these periods? What sort of image did Japanese and American news agencies construct for foreign and local artificial intelligence efforts during these periods? How is the future of Artificial intelligence represented during these periods? The paper presents the constructed realities of artificial intelligence in both countries, the dominant narrative prototypes of AI, the frequency with which each news agency tells each narrative. The sources for the study are varied, but most of the primary data used in research rely on Factiva for news stories reported in the last decade on three elite news wires in East Asia (Kyodo, Xinhua, and Japanese Times) and the three leading elite Western newswires (Associated Press, Reuters, and AFP). Newswires provides more than 75% of nonlocal news worldwide. Like the western counterparts that play a crucial role in producing and disseminating visual news worldwide, including prominent media giants CNN and BBC, Kyodo, Xinhua, and Japanese Times distributes news to almost all newspapers and radio and television networks in Japan and China, respectively. The paper argues that socio-economic processes in knowledge-based economies are driven by discourse in the sense that overriding narratives mostly propel perceptions.