Abstract:

Sustainable export diversification is an important factor for developing economies. In this regard, the objective of this study was to analyze export diversification and its contribution to the competitiveness and sustainability of the Peruvian agro-export sector. The research was conducted using a mixed approach with a predominantly qualitative, applied, and phenomenological-descriptive design. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with ten experts from the agro-export sector, selected for their experience in the sector. The analysis was performed using the multidimensional scaling (MDS) method, which showed an adequate fit (Stress = 0.131; non-metric R² = 0.983; linear R² = 0.810), confirming the consistency of the model. Coding and categorization were performed using Atlas.ti 25 software, ensuring interpretive validity and theoretical rigor. Likewise, the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI) measured the concentration of the agricultural sector between 2020 and 2024, with values showing a moderately concentrated structure and a trend toward sustainable diversification. The results identified key factors such as training, innovation, automation, management optimization, and negotiation with suppliers for the sustainability of the sector. It is concluded that the diversification of agricultural exports constitutes a strategic axis that strengthens innovation, efficiency, and sustainability of the country's export supply, consolidating its competitiveness and resilience in international trade.