Abstract:

There is no uniform proposal for measuring and analysing eco-innovation in the literature. The main challenges in this regard are the need to establish indicators at micro level, taking into account the life cycle and the separation of eco-efficiency from the economic category of eco-innovation, the definition of levels of eco-innovation analysis and the careful development of data aggregation methods, in addition to understanding the effect of eco-innovation and the relationship of eco-innovation indicators to key indicators for measuring sustainable and sustainable socio-economic development. The effects of eco-innovation can be measured on a micro scale (for product or service, process, enterprise), meso (sector,) and macro. Despite the high investment of companies, eco-innovation activities are producing results in the longer term on a micro scale by reducing the negative impact of its activities on the environment, while at the same time leading to the impact of eco-innovation on the company's performance in the form of lower environmental pollution charges and lower energy costs.