Abstract:

The electricity market in Poland has been experiencing intensive changes for almost three decades. Initially, they oscillated around market transformation. By changing the ownership structure of enterprises, separating areas of activity and creating conditions for competition, they focused on creating market mechanisms. An energy exchange, a wholesale and retail market, a power market and energy pricing conditions were established. In the centrally planned economy system, the functioning of the energy market did not assume taking into account the actual costs of current operations and did not provide for adequate development of enterprises to the level of social and economic development. Deformed economic mechanisms distorted the information on the profitability of the technological solutions applied and the actual investment needs. The state determined the prices of energy carriers and determined the directions of changes and financed investments in all sectors of the energy sector.