Abstract:

Aquaculture has an enormous contribution of worldwide food production, being one of the fastest growing food sectors and a significant economic activity for many countries. In 2012, aquaculture contributed with 42.2% to total fish production. Due to continuous growing of world population and of rising incomes and urbanization, aquaculture will continue this impressive development being expected to overcome capture fisheries production till 2030. The continued growth of aquaculture contributes to increasing pressure on natural resources, water, feed and energy. Fish production generates considerable amounts of effluent which may have adverse environmental impact. Generally, aquaculture effluents include uneaten feed, metabolic excretions, faeces and other organic and inorganic compounds. Because aquaculture depends largely upon a good aquatic environment, mainly the success of developing aquaculture needs to be related with it. Also, it is essential that the aquaculture technologies to be ecologically sustainable and to respect environmental legislation. Mostly, the impact of aquaculture on environment mainly depends by reared fish species, rearing and management techniques, location and also, local environmental conditions. In this context, the aim of this present paper is to present a literature investigation regarding the world aquaculture status, together with its potential effects on the environment.