Abstract:

This study explores the dynamics and structural transformations in the European Union's (EU) external trade in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) services from 2010 to 2023. It places particular emphasis on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Using Eurostat data and comparative analytical methods, the study identifies significant growth in both the value and competitiveness of EU ICT exports, especially in computer services. The findings highlight a notable increase in the EU's trade surplus in ICT services, underscoring the Union's evolving role from a technology consumer to a key global exporter. The pandemic accelerated economic digitalization, reinforcing demand for ICT services and contributing to the EU's rising export orientation. The analysis also reveals geographic diversification in export destinations and a concentration of imports from a limited set of countries, which raises questions about supply chain resilience. The study concludes that despite early disruptions, the pandemic has strengthened the EU's position in global ICT service trade, particularly in advanced digital solutions.