Abstract:

The problem of visual impairment in Poland affects nearly 2 million people for whom Braille is one of the main communication tools. The aim of the paper was to analyze the development of printing techniques, with particular emphasis on the needs of people with visual impairments. In the paper various types of printing techniques and their use in making markings for people with visual impairments have been discussed. Braille is successfully used to mark: medicinal products, labels, rooms, floors, compartments in trains, and seat numbers in public facilities. Braille subtitles contribute to ensuring equal access to information for all social groups, and to improving the quality of life of people with visual impairments. UV printing is one of the modern technologies that, through Braille prints, can support and significantly facilitate the everyday functioning of people with visual impairments. UV printing has a wide range of material applications, which creates unlimited possibilities both in terms of marking public spaces and in the context of printing appropriate markings on products in grocery and specialist stores, constituting another element of communication with people with visual impairments.