Abstract:

Artificial intelligence (AI) technology is expanding exponentially. From the use of smartphones, driverless vehicles, robots, and autonomous weapons constructions, AI has continuously transformed the landscape of human lifestyle. In consequence, guidelines from various fields have been devised to govern AI research and development; yet, with the exception of Islamic perspectives. Hence, this study aims to fill the gap through reviews of contemporaneous perspectives on AI opportunities and risks. Using content design analysis, a qualitative exploration on related literature was conducted to ascertain the extent of AI utilisations by applying Floridi et al. (2018)’s used, overused or misused. The findings were coded in juxtapositions that led to the discussion on the need for Islamic frame of reference in ethically guiding AI related research. Hence, Maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah is recommended as the parameter and to be integrated with other disciplines to tackle the wide-ranging, ethical issues in AI for the protection of human rights and interests, particularly the global Muslim community. Ultimately, the absence calls for a development of a credible and robust framework that would serve as a firm foundation for the establishment of Islamic ethical guidelines for AI research.