Abstract:

The current stage in the labour sphere development is characterized by transformational processes caused by the emergence of new phenomena and trends in different countries’ economic activities. The labour relations between employers and employees are currently changing under the influence of such growing trends as employment precarisation, staff flexibilization, labour digitalization, and others. The economic advantages of using new forms of labour relations are often associated with a deterioration in the quality of employees’ working life, a decline in their welfare and well-being. The complex of factors unfavourable for employees is considered by the authors as a phenomenon of social pollution of the intraorganizational environment whose nature and cause-effect relationships require studying. The article focuses on health and well-being in the workplace. As part of a theoretical study, the authors analysed modern concepts of health and well-being, suggested a theoretical model and methodological approaches to assessing employee health and well-being. As a result of a sociological survey, the authors obtained empirical data based on respondents’ self-evaluation of their physical and psychological well-being and the influence of certain factors of the working environment on its change. The sample was randomly selected and includes employees from various economy sectors in five countries with different economic models (Russian Federation, Czech Republic, Latvia, Pakistan and Kazakhstan). The data of the sociological survey were processed using the method of comparative qualitative analysis, which made it possible to identify the most significant adverse factors: 1) common for the interviewed employees of all the studied countries, and 2) specific, characteristic of a particular country. The results of the empirical study give an idea of ​​the scale of presenteeism and the factors of social pollution in modern organisations.