Abstract:

This article examines recent European Union initiatives aimed at digitalising cross-border labour mobility governance, with a special focus on the Entry/Exit System (EES), the Electronic Exchange of Social Security Information (EESSI) as well as its connection with the European Social Security Pass (ESSPASS). It analyses their legal foundations, institutional objectives, and practical implications for mobile workers and national administrations. The study argues that while digitalisation offers significant potential for enhancing efficiency, transparency, and legal certainty, it also exposes challenges of interoperability, data protection, and unequal digital capacity among Member States, ultimately testing the Union’s commitment to a truly integrated labour mobility framework.