Abstract:

The development of energy and the continued growth of urban areas have created a real threat of rapid depletion of fossil fuels such as coal, oil, natural gas and progressive environmental pollution from their combustion, which have been widely used to generate heat and electricity. This has caused an increase in carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases and dust in the atmosphere. The increase in greenhouse gases can affect global warming and related weather anomalies [1]. Therefore, alternative means of generating electricity from renewable energy sources (RES) have begun to develop. [2]. Investing in RES has a more practical dimension and financial benefits. In addition to climate change, we are experiencing ever-increasing energy prices due to political conflicts and inflation, but primarily because we generate electricity and heat using resource deficits [3]. Renewable energy sources are sources that use natural processes to produce electricity and heat and do not emit substances harmful to the environment. They are therefore considered clean, safe and planet-friendly energy [4]. There are many benefits of using RES. First and foremost, it is ecological, as it does not contribute to the depletion of natural resources and pollution of the environment. Generating energy in this way means energy security and independence, as well as economic benefits [5,6]. The global energy industry is moving toward energy storage systems and renewable energy installations located close to end users and small local municipalities, but also small settlements and communities. This approach promotes greater independence from imported energy sources and diversification of energy sources [7,8]. In times of crisis and political conflict, these measures help improve energy security and independence from countries or entities that produce and export energy fuels. In particular, this is applicable to tourism, where small tourist settlements on the fringes of civilization and infrastructure need solutions to achieve security and, under certain conditions, energy self-sufficiency.