Abstract:

Our society of the 21st century is often referred to as a consumer society. Consumption is growing at a fast pace, along with the production of goods, which we buy in amounts that are not essential for life. The indebtedness of the population is also growing, who like to take advantage of the offers of banking and non-banking institutions and buy in installments. The original idea of credit financing, where loans were provided for something with future benefits (i.e., to make a profit from which the loan is repaid or, in the case of mortgage loans, savings on rent) no longer applies. With the exception of mortgage loans, it is common for today's households to take out loans for non-essential spending, e.g. for vacations or to buy goods that are not essential for life. They buy them due to the pressures of consumer society. The aim of the presented text is to analyze the mortgage and credit market in the Czech Republic and the effects of credit financing on ordinary citizens in the Czech Republic. We also have the partial goal of evaluating the impacts of the restrictive measures implemented by the Czech National Bank since 2018 on the credit and economic situation of the population.