Abstract:

New theories of international trade highlighted the central role of research, development and innovation (RDI), i.e. the ability of firms to market new goods and services, new production processes. For this reason, the determinants of this progress are becoming increasingly studied. Both at micro and at macro level has an increasing importance of technological progress to improve competitiveness. Technological capacity of a state become the main element of competitiveness, price of products passing second. Competition between countries is increasingly based on innovation and imitation. The emphasis is thus on the microeconomic level, RDI activities being conducted mainly by firms. The international trade is not static but undergoes continuous changes due to technology and growth dynamics of the stock of knowledge from different countries.