Abstract:

The development of information technology (IT) in recent years has significantly influenced the functioning of educational systems worldwide. The purpose of this article is to present the evolution of education under the influence of IT and to discuss changes in the teaching and learning process. The article analyzes the role of information technology in the transformation of modern education, with a particular focus on higher education. It presents the impact of the dynamic development of digital tools on the shift in teaching models—from traditional approaches to interactive, personalized, and hybrid forms. The article discusses the significance of e-learning platforms, social media, the Internet of Things, and solutions based on artificial intelligence, augmented reality, and virtual reality in the teaching process. Particular attention was paid to the individualization of teaching and the changing role of the academic instructor, who increasingly serves as a mentor and facilitator of the learning process. The paper also presents experiences related to remote teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic, highlighting both the potential and the limitations of digital education. It emphasizes the importance of a systematic approach to technology implementation and the need to develop the digital competencies of faculty and students. It also highlights key challenges associated with the use of information technology, such as digital exclusion, threats to data privacy, and information overload. The results of the analysis indicate that IT can significantly support the educational process, but its effectiveness depends on the method of implementation, the quality of the infrastructure, and alignment with educational objectives. The article emphasizes the need for the conscious, responsible, and integrated use of digital tools in education as a prerequisite for improving the quality of teaching and learning.