Abstract:

A transfer of Information technologies in developing countries is normally reported as less impressive and less effective compared to those of developed countries.  It frequently occurred in an ‘ad-hoc’ manner with an improper planning and vision. The weaknesses could sometimes contribute to an ineffective transfer or a total failure.  As a transfer of a new information technology involves different human and non-human actors, they are surrounded with multifaceted practices and countless interactions. A variety of technological, social and economic issues must be addressed and settled throughout these interactions in order to achieve an effective transfer. As interactions become a major concern in achieving an effective transfer, a research was conducted on a few case studies of IT transfer in Malaysia, with an objective to propose a different approach in guiding for an effective IT transfer. The research was based  on  an  Actor-Network  Theory  that  has  a  robust  framework  to  explore  and analyze  human  and  non-human interactions.  As  a  result,  a  new  methodology,  Information  Technology  Transfer  Methodology  (ITTM),  was developed.    The  methodology  offers  three  stages,  (i)  Pre-Technology  Transfer  and  Planning,  (ii)  Technology Transfer Implementation, and (iii) Post-Technology Transfer.