Abstract:

The condition of housing stock has now become one of the primary problems in Russia. In most Russian regions, a share of housing and communal facilities is in a dilapidated or emergency condition. The modernization and renovation of housing stock is one of the main tasks when managing residential apartment buildings, as the housing condition has an impact on the standard and quality of life of the population. A certain share of housing stock in Russia does not meet present criteria of comfort and quality of life, and, in some cases, even sanitary requirements. The need for substantial reform of the housing management process and improvement of the quality of housing and communal services is quite urgent. In the Russian Federation, three ways of managing apartment buildings are beginning to develop, which are successfully applied in world practice: personal management by housing owners, management by partnerships or by management companies. The latter way to manage apartment buildings is more effective due to the fact that the service is provided by a professional organization. In this case, the criterion for assessing the effectiveness of apartment building management is the satisfaction of the population with housing conditions. The level of improvement of the housing stock in Russia is estimated by the criteria of equipping the apartment building: water supply, water disposal, heating, the presence of a bath or shower, gas, hot water supply and the presence of floor electric cookers. In Russia, major repairs have become a tool to improve the safety and comfort of living conditions in apartment buildings. This is evidenced by the establishment of capital repair funds in each region, formed through mandatory contributions from owners of residential premises in apartment buildings. But the main sources of financing capital repairs in apartment buildings are still regional programs of capital repairs of common property in apartment buildings. These expenses take a significant part of the federal and regional budgets of the Russian Federation; so it becomes quite interesting to study the experience of other countries on this matter. In particular, the reconstruction of the housing stock can take place through the completion of floors in order to increase the useful area; or, the state support in the case of projects aimed at the introduction of energy-efficient materials in the housing stock.