Abstract:

The paper investigates the managing perceived safety of passengers at integrated transport hubs in the Metropolis GZM, taking into account demographic and environmental factors that influence the sense of safety. The theoretical part discusses the importance of mobility and accessibility in the context of social integration and the role of universal design in shaping safe and inclusive transport spaces. The literature on the subject indicates that the perception of safety depends both on environmental and social factors and on the subjective feelings of users, with women and older people feeling more at risk. A quantitative study was conducted at five major transport hubs: Katowice Dworzec, Katowice Sądowa, Chorzów Rynek, Dąbrowa Górnicza and CP Gliwice, covering 265 respondents. The results showed that the majority of passengers feel safe (67%) and 79.2% do not feel afraid of crime. The highest level of safety was recorded in Katowice Sądowa, and the lowest in Chorzów Rynek and CP Gliwice. Women and older people reported lower levels of safety than men and middle-aged people. The findings confirm that perceived safety is a key element of the passenger experience and a prerequisite for fair and sustainable mobility. The authors point to the need to improve lighting, increase staff visibility, improve signage and apply universal design principles, especially in the lowest-rated hubs. Future research should include mixed methods, spatial analysis and assessments of changes over time. The aim of the publication is to assess the perceived safety of passengers at integrated transport hubs in the Metropolis GZM and to identify factors influencing their sense of safety.