Abstract:

In the conditions of accelerating the technological development of the world economy, not only the leading countries, but also many developing countries, as well as the CIS countries, become real competitors of Russia in the sphere of innovations. The transition of the leading countries’ economies to the next (sixth) technological order, technological revolution in resource saving and alternative energy (the emergence of cost-effective technologies for extracting hydrocarbons from non-traditional sources: shale, oil sands, etc.) can dramatically lower demand and prices for key Russian commodity exports, which leads to a reduction in the financial resources needed for its further modernization in the economy.

In this situation, investments should be the key anti-crisis measure in technological development, the so-called innovation breakthrough, in relation to everything: human potential, the state, business, science, and infrastructure. As a result, this leads to advanced development of certain specific areas of scientific research and technological developments, such as: "clean" energy, genomic medicine, new technologies in agriculture, etc.

Accordingly, Russia's ability to respond to global technological development challenges expands the “window of opportunity” for the transition to an innovative economy, increase scientific potential; strengthen geopolitical positions, and Russia’s status as an innovative country capable of producing new knowledge and achieving global leadership in key technology areas.