Abstract:

This article details the design and implementation of a microcontroller-based system used to determine the concentration of ammonia in blood. The proposed system employs the spectroscopic concept by applying a blood sample to a test strip, which triggers a series of reactions known as Berthelot's reaction, resulting in an accurate change in strip color. The photodiode then detects the 635 nm wavelength reflected from the strip, resulting in a current. This current is subsequently converted to voltage by an op-amp. Microcontrollers are regarded as the fundamental components in modern electronics due to their ease of usage and software flexibility in handling them. A microcontroller determines the concentration of (NH3) based on the voltage value. The test results are shown on an LCD or recorded in data files. The system correctly records any normal or abnormal outcomes that occur. A PC software is written in order to accept and save data. The proposed system is initially designed under the concepts of Software Analysis and Design; the process of building the proposed systems works from determining the requirement of the system, working on the analysis, Doing the best design techniques according the software Engineering process, then it modeled on an electronic board before being realized and implemented. it has applications in biomedical measurements. It is also useful for using final circuits for both monitoring and research.