Abstract:

Migration of the population is becoming increasingly important, their directions are diversified. There is an increase in the volume and impact of migration on the population, economy, culture, and politics of almost all countries of the world in the 21st century. The migration crisis has become a major challenge for the European Union and has disturbed its integrity, because every state has interests that do not always coincide with the needs and interests of the EU as a coherent integration union. Migration challenges of the 21st century regard many European countries, affect their stability, determine the relevance and timeliness of migration studies, taking into account the geopolitical, demographic, sociocultural and economic capabilities of countries. They require studies of the causes, volumes and consequences of migration processes, as well as their impact on security and social transformations, which can be useful to increase the effectiveness of migration policy both within one state and at the interregional and global levels. This publication analyzes the positive and negative socio-economic effects of migration processes for both recipient countries and EU donor countries. The spatio-temporal features of migration processes in the EU countries are determined, push-and-pull factors, migration movements are determined based on the analysis of official data and analytical reports. The main migration trends are investigated, the socio-economic consequences for the countries of departure and acceptance of migrants are determined, measures to resolve the migration crisis in the EU are identified. The experience that will be gained depending on the success of these issues in the European Union will be of great value for the further development of the world society, the world economy, the movement of labor and the international division of labor.