Abstract:

The twentieth century was the century of oil as the nineteenth century was that of coal. This increasing trend is stronger in this century. Hydrocarbons in the form of oil and its derivatives have become the main source of energy for most of the world's peoples. In the last hundred years, oil has been one of the most important goods sold, this product is crucial in defining national development strategies, and world politics. Crude oil remains the driving force for the industrial economies, representing the foundation for the largest international business, encompassing the greatest risk, as well as profits.