Abstract:

The transportation has experienced a considerable development in the past. At present, it represents a vast and very segmented sector. In ranks among the most developing industries of the national economy. It can be concluded that the transportation nowadays is understood as a multi-sector field. The transportation continues to undergo many changes some of which have both the positive and the negative effect. Thanks to high competitiveness, the profits of the companies drop, however, the costs continue to rise. The transportation is understood as a link of the logistics chain. The costs of the process of physical relocation of the goods are the fundamental part of the total logistics costs. Not only the companies, therefore, strive to optimize these costs. One of  the options is to use the operations research methods focused on the optimization of distances, or the optimum distribution of the transportation load.This paper is aimed to apply, upon the status quo analysis of the transport and logistics processes, the optimization measures in Milktrans a.s. towards making the selected processes more effective and their economic evaluation. Specifically, it is the application of the Clark-Wright method as one of the method in solving the travelling salesman problem.The problem of the circular travels is defined on the transport network consisting of the group of nodes and edges connecting the nodes. In case of transportation through a few service points, which is effected by the means of transport, the travelling salesman problem method is the best solution.In case of the travelling salesman problem, the basic task is to put together a set of routes so that the requirement of each point is met by the only vehicle operation and the costs remain minimum. The task gives rise to two basic acceptance conditions of this solution. The first condition is that every point on the route can be visited only once and the second condition is respecting the capacity of vehicles which may not be crossed. Besides the basic conditions, also other solution acceptance conditions may be imposed, such as the volume of distributed goods, limitation of the maximum duration of one route, meeting the requirement of the point being serviced in the given time interval, etc.