Abstract:

The present paper proposes the presentation and analysis of several main objectives regarding the protection of the fish resources, their sustainable use, the preservation of the potential and biological diversity in the natural fishery waters of the Republic of Moldova. It is known that the specialization process is always compromised by aggressive factors, and as a result some taxons fail to self-identify as species, and the existing ones adapt to frequent environmental changes. As an example, the data show that in the past the Dniester River sheltered about 80 species of fish, however it currently includes only about 20 species, which implies the total disappearance of some fish species. This phenomenon is also remarked in the Prut River, due to the inefficient regulation of the water flows from the hydrotechnical constructions, the catastrophic climatic conditions in recent years and the anthropogenic phenomena. Also, the quantitative fishery extraction of fish biomass during the year’s prohibition periods affected the structural-functional condition of ichthyogenesis. These activities harm not only ichthyofauna, but also some animals such as mammals, birds, crayfish, turtles affecting the entire food chain. In order to protect aquatic biological resources, the State Fisheries Service implements actions to combat poaching and fishing during the year’s prohibition periods. These activities are monitored and presented annually in reports and regulated by law.

Based on reports and official data issued by these institutions, it can be seen that fishery resources in the country's water basins continue to degrade considerably from one year to the next. Only the strict observance of the laws and normative acts adopted will create the conditions for sustainability and progress.