Abstract:

A significant scourge of our age is pollution, the evolution of which has created both environmental problems such as climate change and human health problems such as reduced quality of life and life expectancy. Pollution is a global problem that has evolved as industrial activities and road traffic have increased and emissions of polluting gases have reached dangerous levels. The impact of pollution on human health is considerable. Exposure to pollution leads to chronic diseases that reduce life expectancy. Studies show that people living in polluted cities may live slightly less than those living in cleaner areas.The aim of this research is to analyze the impact of pollution on life expectancy. For this purpose, an exploratory, descriptive research on the factors that generate air pollution and environmental pollution and a statistical, quantitative research on the impact of the factors that generate air and environmental pollution on the life expectancy of the population were carried out. The main factors considered were divided into two categories, air pollution drivers, namely CO2 emissions, nitrogen oxide - NOx emissions, fossil fuel consumption, renewable energy consumption, and ambient pollution drivers, namely fine particulate matter PM2.5 resulting from tobacco consumption. The adoption of measures to reduce air and environmental pollution and the promotion of sustainable development policies based on social responsibility are essential and become a priority for protecting the environment and prolonging life expectancy. This research emphasizes that the obtained result provides seminal contributions to the model of sustainable development based on social responsibility.