Abstract:

The planning approach, do not allow to cover all aspects of a project. A project may follow a different lifecycle from that which was planned because of its interaction with its dynamic context. This work aims to show that some contextual factors, not yet considered, could divert the project from its planned lifecycle. To depict the project evolution, we use the planned approach and the situated approach. The first allows considering the project as a piece of work completed according to a schedule, and the second allows taking account for a dynamic interaction between the project and its wide context. Then, we present cases of projects whose lifecycle underwent deviations. A retrospective of these deviations allowed bringing them back to contextual factors covering in particular: the strategic position of the project, the stability of its actors and the unforeseen events.