Abstract:

The holistic structure of agriculture is described by a very diverse and complex group of indicators that refer to specific characteristics of the agricultural sector. However, it is most often identified with the agrarian structure (Bear-Nawrocka, Poczta, 2020). Although structural changes in the agricultural sector are increasingly linked to exogenous factors (Plewa, 2024), the principle of farmers' sovereignty in economic decision-making remains an irreplaceable norm, especially with regard to the size and structure of material factors of production, the size of employment, and the size and product range structure of production. The results of these decisions are reflected in changes in the agricultural structure, i.e. the condition of agricultural production entities (Pietrzak and Walczak, 2014). The agricultural structure, which refers directly to farms, plays a leading role in shaping the structure of agriculture. Agricultural transformations are an essential and fundamental component of quantitative and qualitative changes in the agricultural sector and determine progress in agriculture in subsequent periods (Baer-Nawrocka and Poczta, 2020). Thus, it plays a leading role in shaping the characteristics of agriculture. The experiences of various highly developed countries around the world indicate that the ongoing agrarian transformations have primarily contributed to improving agricultural productivity. In the long term, this trend allows for the transfer of resources (mainly labour) from agriculture to sectors of the economy with higher productivity. As a result, productivity increases across the entire economy. Poland has a significant area of agricultural land used for farming[1] , which is beneficial for the development of agricultural production.