Abstract:

The correct development of a child's speech is the foundation of the development of his personality. Thanks to the understanding of speech, the child discovers the surrounding environment, e. g. by asking a lot of questions. Through speaking skills, the child is able to express feelings, emotions, perceptions as well as expectations towards the environment. Children's speech does not always develop as expected, and there are children with impaired speech development. These may be speech impediments that will not have a significant impact in the child's future, but they may be such disorders that will significantly hinder the child's contacts with other people or learning about the surrounding environment. There may also be a communication problem as a result. The term speech disorder refers to various abnormalities related to linguistic communication. According to the well-known Polish speech therapist Leon Kaczmarek, "speech disorders are a certain departure from the social norm established by custom and consist in the fact that we either cannot construct an utterance properly or perceive it" (Dykcik, 2009, p. 269). Other authors [min. St. Grabias] present the term speech disorder as something that should be considered as a specific feature of linguistic communication, determined by mental and biological dysfunctions in relation to the actions of a human being. inventory of behaviors and distinguishing language behaviors that deviate from the norm, adjudicating on dysfunctions in the course of specific biological, mental and social activities in connection with abnormal linguistic behaviors, reaching the causes causing a speech disorder "(Dykcik, 2009, p. 270) ).