Abstract:

One of the elements of product lifecycle is the manufacturing process as a whole of phenomena and deliberately undertaken activities that cause the desired changes to gradually occur in the subject of work subject to their influence. By accumulating, they cause the object to gradually acquire features that bring it closer and make it similar to the intended product. Achieving all the required characteristics in the expected dimension means the end of the production process. The main content of the production process are the changes taking place in the material form of the processed workpiece. It should be emphasized, however, that the essence of production activity manifests itself not only in the sphere of physicochemical changes of the subject of work, but also in the area of ​​economic, social, biological and ecological issues. the efficiency of the activities carried out by the enterprise is of paramount importance.
The primary factors determining this efficiency occur in production processes perceived from their material (material) side and include, among others, the consumption of materials for production purposes, the use of technical devices and the expenditure of human labor, which together appear in the form of the cost incurred to produce a product. On the other hand, the obtained effect of changes in the tangible form of the work object determines the extent to which the manufactured product will turn out to be useful for a potential buyer, i.e. what price can be obtained when selling it. Due to the variety of activities performed in the production sphere, there is no general set of rules and regularities that could successfully cover all elements of this set. This means the necessity to organize known production processes and distinguish groups of activities with similar characteristics, subject to specific rules common to the entire subset. The resulting classification systems depend on the adopted criterion for the division of production processes. Representatives of technical disciplines consider the features of the subject of work that change as a result of individual types of activities as the basic factor and distinguish processes that change the chemical composition of the processed substances, their physical structure, shape or dimensions, each of the distinguished groups may be subject to a further, more detailed division. The most important is the classification of partial processes depending on the nature of the activities performed in relation to the work object. On this basis, technological processes, measurement and control processes, transport processes, and storage processes are distinguished. In order to achieve the intended economic, technological and organizational goals, modern production systems require the involvement of interdisciplinary sciences. In the hereby paper, there were the logistic methods and systems described that allow to optimize the production process in manufacturing enterprises.