Abstract:

The constantly developing world economy needs the energy necessary for the social and economic development of the countries that constitute it. To meet the constant demand, global production of energy resources continues to increase. Commonly known energy sources, also called energy carriers, can be divided into renewable and non-renewable. Non-renewable sources include energy raw materials that, after releasing the energy they contain, are regenerated very slowly or not at all. The most popular and best known are hard coal, brown coal, crude oil and natural gas. Less known are peat, shale and tar sands, and the radioactive elements uranium, thorium and radium. In practice, the most dynamically developing technology is the exploitation of deposits of economically profitable raw materials. Easy access and low extraction costs determine the choice of energy source. The exploitation of high-energy deposits of energy raw materials is at such a high level that we are in danger of completely exhausting them. Concern about the state of the environment, which is directly influenced by the use of non-renewable energy resources, has focused interest on renewable energy sources. The aim of the article is to demonstrate that in times of global energy crisis caused by the depletion of oil, gas and coal deposits, new technologies mark the beginning of a long road to taming the sea and its waves as sources of clean energy.